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Giulietto Chiesa

it.sputniknews.com

 

31-Dicembre 2015

Sarà un anno estremamente difficile. Quello che è appena finito è stato il secondo anno di guerra: di una guerra per molti aspetti inedita, che non può più essere definita come una guerra fredda.

 

Sono ormai numerosi gli osservatori politici che colgono i segni di uno scivolamento verso una guerra assai più vasta, con implicazioni nucleari e di altro genere non meno pericoloso. Il Papa di Roma è stato in testa a questi che i laudatores temporis acti chiamano”profeti di sventura” e che, invece, sono i più attenti osservatori del tempo presente.

 

Sono accadute molte cose in questo 2015. In primo luogo è diventato evidente l’attacco che l’Occidente ha scatenato contro la Russia. Offensiva iniziata il 22 febbraio 2014, con il colpo di stato di Kiev. L’Ucraina (il popolo ucraino) usata come bastone per colpire la Russia. Come risultato temporaneo, gli Stati Uniti — che sono gli ispiratori di questa svolta strategica — si sono presi l’Ucraina, dopo avere convinto l’Occidente che era la Russia ad avere aggredito l’Ucraina. E ora tocca all’Unione Europea pagare il prezzo di questa operazione, per evitare che la bomba messa nel cuore dell’Europa esploda.
L’Ucraina ha perduto in questa avventura la Crimea e sta perdendo per sempre una grande parte della sua area sud orientale. La Crimea è tornata in patria, cioè in Russia. Le due Repubbliche del Donetsk e del Lugansk resteranno fuori dall’Ucraina, probabilmente come entità autonome, per un tempo indefinito. Ma i massacri del 2014-2015 non saranno più dimenticati, né da questa né dalla prossima generazione di russi.

 

La Russia di Putin è tornata ad essere potenza mondiale, tra gli stupori di tutto l’Occidente, che credeva di averla messa in ginocchio. E la Russia, sottoposta all’ennesima offensiva dell’Occidente — avrebbe detto Arnold Toynbee — sta rinascendo, come popolo che ha ripreso coscienza di sé, della sua storia e destino.

In Europa — in Francia soprattutto, dove è ricomparso per due volte in un solo anno, in forme nuove e selvagge, il terrorismo — è lo sconcerto e la paura. Daesh e i suoi manovratori occidentali, in rotta sui fronti siriano e iracheno, hanno spostato i loro sforzi sull’Europa. E, su questo fronte, hanno avuto successo.

 

L’America di Obama è oggi assai meno influente di prima. E l’Occidente intero è nel marasma, con troppi alleati sempre meno allineati, che vanno ciascuno in direzioni diverse dagli altri: Turchia, Arabia Saudita, Israele, Francia, Germania. E’ una cacofonia, risultato delle divisioni che esistono anche all’interno della leadership americana.

 

L’Europa è in una evidente crisi di leadership. Ma anche in preda a una rivoluzione politica interna, che fa seguito alla rottura del patto di fiducia tra i partiti tradizionali e le opinioni pubbliche rispettive. La gente cerca, in quasi tutti i paesi dell’Unione, nuove rappresentanze politiche. Dove non funzionano le vecchie comincia a crearne di nuove. Dove non riesce, si appoggia sulle ali estreme di destra e di sinistra. E’ finita l’era del centrismo.
Il presidente Putin durante la conferenza stampa di fine anno di fronte alla folta platea di giornalisti
Putin, fino all’altro ieri “dittatore”, esecrato e insultato da tutti i media, è oggi percepito da vasti settori di opinione pubblica occidentale come colui che fa quello che dice di voler fare. E’ il politico dell’anno, non solo per la copertina di Time. Solo la Russia ha combattuto contro Daesh, e tutti capiscono che è suo il merito della ritirata del Califfo.

 

Questo è il quadro, secondo una interpretazione sintetica ma esatta. Gli Stati Uniti si trovano ora di fronte alla necessità di riprendere il controllo della situazione, che sta loro sfuggendo di mano. Cercheranno di farlo senza badare a spese. E’ dunque da attendersi una loro offensiva. Politico, diplomatica, militare. Che sarà sicuramente sanguinosa.

 

La Cina rimane all’orizzonte, per ora, consapevole che il XXI secolo, la parte che resta, sarà cinese, ben più che americana. Sempre che si riesca a evitare la guerra più grande. E tutti noi dovremmo capire che, se non ci sarà pace, allora non ci sarà nessun XXI secolo per l’intera umanità, mentre l’orologio nucleare continua a battere i minuti sempre più vicini alla mezzanotte.

 

Quote from: The Teachings of Don Juan, p. 35

Sunday, 15 April 1962
As I was getting ready to leave, I decided to ask him once more about the enemies of a man of knowledge. I argued that I could not return for some time, and it would be a good idea to write down what he had to say and then think about it while I was away.
He hesitated for a while, but then began to talk.
“When a man starts to learn, he is never clear about his objectives. His purpose is faulty; his intent is vague. He hopes for rewards that will never materialize, for he knows nothing of the hardships of learning.
“He slowly begins to learn – bit by bit at first, then in big chunks. And his thoughts soon clash. What he learns is never what he pictured, or imagined, and so he begins to be afraid. Learning is never what one expects. Every step of learning is a new task, and the fear the man is experiencing begins to mount mercilessly, unyieldingly. His purpose becomes a battlefield.
“And thus he has tumbled upon the first of his natural enemies: Fear! A terrible enemy – treacherous, and difficult to overcome. It remains concealed at every turn of the way, prowling, waiting. And if the man, terrified in its presence, runs away, his enemy will have put an end to his quest.”
“What will happen to the man if he runs away in fear?”
“Nothing happens to him except that he will never learn. He will never become a man of knowledge. He will perhaps be a bully or a harmless, scared man; at any rate, he will be a defeated man. His first enemy will have put an end to his cravings.”
“And what can he do to overcome fear?”
“The answer is very simple. He must not run away. He must defy his fear, and in spite of it he must take the next step in learning, and the next, and the next. He must be fully afraid, and yet he must not stop. That is the rule! And a moment will come when his first enemy retreats. The man begins to feel sure of himself. His intent becomes stronger. Learning is no longer a terrifying task. When this joyful moment comes, the man can say without hesitation that he has defeated his first natural enemy.”
“Does it happen at once, Don Juan, or little by little?”
“It happens little by little, and yet the fear is vanquished suddenly and fast.”
“But won’t the man be afraid again if something new happens to him?”
“No. Once a man has vanquished fear, he is free from it for the rest of his life because, instead of fear, he has acquired clarity – a clarity of mind which erases fear. By then a man knows his desires; he knows how to satisfy those desires. He can anticipate the new steps of learning, and a sharp clarity surrounds everything. The man feels that nothing is concealed. And thus he has encountered his second enemy: Clarity!
“That clarity of mind, which is so hard to obtain, dispels fear, but also blinds. It forces the man never to doubt himself. It gives him the assurance he can do anything he pleases, for he sees clearly into everything. And he is courageous because he is clear, and he stops at nothing because he is clear. But all that is a mistake; it is like something incomplete. If the man yields to this make-believe power, he has succumbed to his second enemy and will fumble with learning. He will rush when he should be patient, or he will be patient when he should rush. And he will fumble with learning until he winds up incapable of learning anything more.”
“What becomes of a man who is defeated in that way, don Juan? Does he die as a result?”
“No, he doesn’t die. His second enemy has just stopped him cold from trying to become a man of knowledge; instead, the man may turn into a buoyant warrior, or a clown. Yet the clarity for which he has paid so dearly will never change to darkness and fear again. He will be clear as long as he lives, but he will no longer learn, or yearn for anything.”
“But what does he have to do to avoid being defeated?”
“He must do what he did with fear: he must defy his clarity and use it only to see, and wait patiently and measure carefully before taking new steps; he must think, above all, that his clarity is almost a mistake. And a moment will come when he will understand that his clarity was only a point before his eyes. And thus he will have overcome his second enemy, and will arrive at a position where nothing can harm him any more. This will not be a mistake. It will not be only a point before his eyes. It will be true power. He will know at this point that the power he has been pursuing for so long is finally his. He can do with it whatever he pleases. His ally is at his command. His wish is the rule. He sees all that is around him. But he has also come across his third enemy: Power!
“Power is the strongest of all enemies. And naturally the easiest thing to do is to give in; after all, the man is truly invincible. He commands; he begins by taking calculated risks, and ends in making rules, because he is a master.
“A man at this stage hardly notices his third enemy closing in on him. And suddenly, without knowing, he will certainly have lost the battle. His enemy will have turned him into a cruel, capricious man.”
“Will he lose his power?”
“No, he will never lose his clarity or his power.”
“What then will distinguish him from a man of knowledge?”
“A man who is defeated by power dies without really knowing how to handle it. Power is only a burden upon his fate. Such a man has no command over himself, and cannot tell when or how to use his power.”
“Is the defeat by any of these enemies a final defeat?”
“Of course it is final. Once one of these enemies overpowers a man there is nothing he can do.”
“Is it possible, for instance, that the man who is defeated by power may see his error and mend his ways?”
“No. Once a man gives in he is through.”
“But what if he is temporarily blinded by power, and then refuses it?”
“That means his battle is still on. That means he is still trying to become a man of knowledge. A man is defeated only when he no longer tries, and abandons himself.”
“But then, don Juan, it is possible that a man may abandon himself to fear for years, but finally conquer it.”
“No, that is not true. If he gives in to fear he will never conquer it, because he will shy away from learning and never try again. But if he tries to learn for years in the midst of his fear, he will eventually conquer it because he will never have really abandoned himself to it.”
“How can he defeat his third enemy, don Juan?”
“He has to defy it, deliberately. He has to come to realize the power he has seemingly conquered is in reality never his. He must keep himself in line at all times, handling carefully and faithfully all that he has learned. If he can see that clarity and power, without his control over himself, are worse than mistakes, he will reach a point where everything is held in check. He will know then when and how to use his power. And thus he will have defeated his third enemy.
“The man will be, by then, at the end of his journey of learning, and almost without warning he will come upon the last of his enemies: Old age! This enemy is the cruelest of all, the one he won’t be able to defeat completely, but only fight away.
“This is the time when a man has no more fears, no more impatient clarity of mind – a time when all his power is in check, but also the time when he has an unyielding desire to rest. If he gives in totally to his desire to lie down and forget, if he soothes himself in tiredness, he will have lost his last round, and his enemy will cut him down into a feeble old creature. His desire to retreat will overrule all his clarity, his power, and his knowledge.
“But if the man sloughs off his tiredness, and lives his fate through, he can then be called a man of knowledge, if only for the brief moment when he succeeds in fighting off his last, invincible enemy. That moment of clarity, power, and knowledge is enough.”